Once you’re in Canada, you have all the usual problem that you’d see moving somewhere else in your home country, exacerbated by our doing everything differently.
The first place to look is in the “please move to Canada guides”. For example, the federal one at https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/ircc/migration/ircc/english/pdf/pub/welcome.pdf and the Ontario one at https://settlement.org/firstdays/ Both dig into how to live here.
You will need a place to live, a bank account, your US prescriptions and a doctor. If you have children, you’ll need to transfer them to a Canadian school.
Then you’ll need a job, if you haven’t pre-arranged one.
Toronto is a good example of a high-priced city. When we were last looking for an apartment there, my wife came up with an elegant trick. She drove around the neighbourhoods she was interested in, looking for apartments that weren’t advertised on the ‘net.
She found three low-rise buildings that had met the test of time and, more importantly, were amortized. The owners were making good money by not overpricing them, which kept them filled. Newer, taller buildings usually have to set high prices to pay off their construction debt. That keeps them from attracting residents, so they raise their rents some more to cover the large numbers of vacancies.
For example, in 2025 a one-bedroom apartment at any of three we looked it was $2,100 a month in Canadian dollars, or $1,512 in US dollars. In a new building or especially downtown, it would be more like $2,700. That’s $600 or 28% more for the same value. Unimpressive.
If you earn a middling wage, $2,100 will be around 1/3 of your income, which is normal. If you are working minimum wage, though, it would take half your income.
We found one near a main highway and within easy walking distance to the subway. We found two more walking distance from Yonge and Eglington, which is the centre of midtown and a main subway stop. All three qualify as being part of a “15 minute city”, with nearby stores, schools and theatres.
If you look on-line, you’ll find all the high-priced places. Then, explore the neighbourhoods you like and look for the ones that aren’t on the net. You should aim for ones that cost about 70% of the high-price ones. If you get below about C$1,500, though, you’re looking at a basement apartment in a triplex.
Resources, on settling in general
•Alberta Association of Immigrant Serving Agencies (AAISA) - a toolkit on settlement and integration resources across Canada, such as free pre-arrival services (by the Government of Canada), an Alberta refugee claimant resources handbook, etc.
•BC Safe Haven Network – limited to BC - resources on the refugee claims process, how to sponsor refugees, the BC Refugee Hub, etc.
https://issbc.org/our-programs-service/bc-safe-haven/
•The Canadian Council for Refugees has a list of organizations that provide refugee resources and services in Canada, plus recent immigration policy updates and news.
•CanRefugee has a resource map of settlement agencies, refugee houses, women’s shelters, and welcome churches across Canada
Alberta Association of Immigrant Serving Agencies (AAISA) provides a toolkit on settlement and integration resources across Canada, such as free pre-arrival services (by the Government of Canada), an Alberta refugee claimant resources handbook, etc.
BC Safe Haven Network is limited to BC, providing resources on the refugee claims process, how to sponsor refugees, the BC Refugee Hub, etc.
https://issbc.org/our-programs-service/bc-safe-haven/
•Aide aux Trans has a resource directory for transgender individuals across Québec, including legal aid, housing and shelters, and medical care
•Pflag U.S. and Pflag Canada connects 2SLGBTQI+ people to support resources, such as peer-to-peer support, education, resources, and events.
•Sparrow, commercial listings of rooms for rent
https://sparrowshare.com/housemates/
•Rentals.ca, maps of apartments, houses, and condos for rent
◦We used this to find likely areas and list prices
Most of the five big banks have programs to attract newcomers For example, Scotiabank has one called the “StartRight” program.
You’ll need id, your US bank information, and a proof of address such as a utilities bill. If you have proof of residency, so much the better. If you’re a digital native or a longish-stay snowbird, bring your visa.
Resources
You will need medical insurance, just like a visitor, until you can qualify for OHIP or anther provincial health plan.
Most travel insurance is available through your credit-card issuer. For example:
|
Card Issuer |
URL |
Key Features/Comments |
|
American Express |
Offers travel insurance as part of various card benefits. | |
|
Chase |
(Visa) Provides travel insurance benefits on several credit cards, including trip cancellation and medical coverage. | |
|
Citi |
(MasterCard) Certain cards include travel insurance benefits. | |
|
Capital One |
(MasterCard) Some travel cards offer travel insurance for emergencies and cancellations. | |
|
BMO Financial Group |
https://www.bmo.com/main/personal/credit-cards/credit-card-travel-insurance/ |
(Visa) Offers travel insurance benefits with their credit cards for travelers. |
There are also sites which compare the prices of different plans.
•best quote, https://bestquotetravelinsurance.ca/
You’ll need to convert your prescriptions to Canadian. Like moving somewhere else in the US, this means you’ll need a copy of your prescriptions from your doctor, and often a medical history.
You won’t have a doctor yet, so reach out to an online service. In Ontario, this is Health811.com, the new name for Telehealth Ontario. Health811 can get you an on-line appointment with a doctor. The doctor can then “cosign” your prescription or provide you with a Canadian prescription.
They may need to look at your medical history to know about the medicines you take.
If you do not have a current prescription, Health811 can still help.
Resources:
•Prescriptions in Canada for Newcomers: Step‑by‑Step Guide https://moving2canada.com/living/healthcare/prescriptions-canada-newcomers/
Canada has free medicare, but we haven’t been importing or training enough doctors, so you will probably need to work with someone like Rainbow Health Ontario to find a doctor. Health 811 will also help you find a doctor who is accepting new patients.
In the meantime, there are walk-in clinics or community health centres in most towns and cities in Canada.
Resources (Ontario)
•Rainbow Health Ontario has an up-to-date health resource library and health service provider map for Ontario’s 2SLGBTQI+ communities
•Health811 (formerly Telehealth Ontario) is a full-service health advice provider, available by phone or on-line
◦phone: 1-866-797-0000
•Health Care Connect, to find a doctor or nurse practitioner
◦https://www.ontario.ca/page/find-family-doctor-or-nurse-practitioner
◦phone 1-800-445-1822.
•RateMDs, a review site. Its search allows you to find just doctors accepting new patients
•How to find a family doctor
You’ll need a collection of documents:
|
Document Type |
Specific Requirements |
Purpose |
|
Passport |
Valid for entire family |
Proof of citizenship |
|
Permanent Resident Card/Visa |
For immigrant families |
Legal entry authorization |
|
Birth Certificates |
Translated if not in English/French |
Proof of age, identity |
|
School Records |
Previous academic transcripts |
Grade placement |
|
Immunization Records |
Complete vaccination history |
School registration |
|
Custody Documents |
If applicable |
Guardianship verification |
In some languages, you’ll need certified translations of these.
Contact local school board as early as possible, to do things like scheduling health screenings.
School is mandatory from ages 6 to 18, and all children, regardless of their immigration status, have the right to attend public schools. If you do not have proof of permanent residency or a work/study permit, reach out to school and school board.
To reduce culture shock, there are government and school board support programs for newcomers.
|
Resource Type |
Details |
How to Access |
|
Settlement Workers in Schools (SWIS) |
Free support program for newcomer students |
Contact local school board or school directly |
|
Government Newcomer Youth Services |
Help during/after school, recreational activities |
Over 500 service providers across Canada |
|
School Board Support |
Cultural liaisons, social workers, guidance counselors |
Provided at most schools with newcomer students |
Resources
•https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/settle-canada/youth-services.html
•https://www.canadavisa.com/canadian-education.html
The best, of course, is to continue with your existing employer. After that, you’re into the job-hunting process, which is an entirely different book.
Fortunately, there are people who will help.
Resources to help you find employment
•Centre for Immigrant and Community Services is a volunteer charitable group in Toronto. It has “Employment Programs for Newcomers and Internationally Trained Individuals”
•COSTI Immigrant Services is supported by Employment Ontario, to provides numerous online services for workers who have immigrated
Regrettably, many of the skilled trades have non-tariff barriers. Reach out to the self-governing body as early as you can, or you may need to come as a student and take Canadian training in your industry. The medical profession is famously reluctant to let anyone reduce the demand for doctors.
|
Profession |
Requalification Requirements |
Bridging Programs? |
|
Medical Doctors |
Must pass the Medical Council of Canada Evaluating Examination and may need provincial licensing exams. |
Yes, limited slots |
|
Dentists |
Require the National Dental Examining Board (NDEB) exams and provincial registration. |
Some |
|
Nurses |
Must obtain license from the Canadian Nurses Association and, in some provinces, pass the NCLEX-RN exam. |
Some, see also Canada’s Healthcare Infusions |
|
Pharmacists |
Need to pass the Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada (PEBC) exams and provincial registration. |
Some provinces |
|
Engineers |
Must be licensed by a provincial engineering regulatory body, requiring assessments or exams of qualifications. |
Some provinces |
|
Teachers |
Often need provincial certification, which may include additional education and tests. |
Yes |
|
Accountants |
Must meet Canadian Accounting standards and may need to pass the CPA exam. |
Some |
|
Electricians |
Licensing is province-specific, often requiring local exams and proof of trade qualifications. |
No |
|
Plumbers/Pipefitters |
Require provincial trade certification that may involve additional assessments or apprenticeships. |
Limited |
|
Social Workers |
Provincial license is usually necessary, with specific requirements varying by region. |
Some provinces |
https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/services/sin/apply.html
No, not the religious kind, a Social Insurance Number, as used by employers and banks to remit taxes. Think of a Social Security Number in the US.
This is available to anyone who is legally working, so you can pay your taxes. The government suspects that a black market exists: https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/services/sin/protection.html Fortunately if you start in any of the proper channels, you will get one, good for life.
If you are a permanent resident, an accepted refugee or have a work permit, you can join your provinces’ Medicare plan. For the Ontario Hospital Insurance Plan (OHIP) in particular, you can either apply in person at ServiceOntario offices, or online. You will have to spend 153 days out of the next year in Ontario, though, to permanently qualify as an Ontario resident.
https://www.ontario.ca/page/apply-ohip-and-get-health-card
You can drive on your US or other license for between 60 and 90 days, and that includes the time you’re waiting for a license-exchange appointment. That waiting can eat up much of your time, and if you exceed it, you will need to stop driving, so apply as soon as you arrive.
Resources
Here’s a few “translations” of store names from US to Canadian, courtesy of Nova Scotia Healthcare Infusion.
from Nova Scotia healthcare infusion, ask for permission or rewrite
|
Category |
Canadian Company |
US Company |
|
Pharmacy & Health |
|
|
|
|
Shoppers Drug Mart |
CVS / Walgreens |
|
Guardian / IDA – Independent neighbourhood pharmacies |
|
|
Grocery Stores |
|
|
|
|
Sobeys |
Krogers |
|
|
No Frills – discount grocer |
Aldi |
|
|
Giant Tiger – Discount grocery / general store |
|
|
Retail Stores |
|
|
|
|
Canadian Tire – Large-format general retail (automotive, home and seasonal) |
|
|
|
Winners |
TJ Maxx |
|
|
Dollarama |
Dollar Tree |
|
|
HomeSense |
HomeGoods |
|
|
Mark’s – Workwear and casual clothing |
Dick’s |
|
|
Sport Chek – Sporting goods retailer |
|
|
|
Mountain Equipment – Outdoor gear |
|
|
Home Improvement |
|
|
|
|
Kent |
Lowe’s / Menards |
|
|
RONA |
Lowe’s |
|
Home Hardware – a smaller-scale Home Depot |
|
|
Gas stations |
|
|
|
|
Petro-Canada – National gas station brand |
|
|
Ultramar – Regional gas station chain |
| |
|
|
Irving Oil – Major regional gas station chain in the east |
|
|
Coffee, fast food |
|
|
|
Tim Hortons, a main coffee chain. Usually called “timmies” |
| |
|
Second Cup |
| |
|
A&W Canada – A popular burger chain, available in some US markets. |
|
https://www.expatexchange.com/expats-living-in-canada/canada-expat/forum/183/1
Canada Expat Forum
https://www.expat.com/en/forum/north-america/canada/
Expat.com
https://www.facebook.com/groups/movingtocanadacommunityandchat/
https://discord.com/servers/journey-to-canada-r-immigrationcanada-994709047288791120D
Discord server for Reddit r/ImmigrationCanada
This is a live document. These links will change. Always refer to the government pages for current rules. And please file an issue at https://codeberg.org/tokugawa-behr/Fleeing-to-Canada/issues so I’ll know what needs updating.
Lots of organizations don’t help immigration, but do help immigrants